‘Publication’ refers to a written presentation of the research outcome by an individual researcher or group of researchers, published as an article in a journal, congress proceedings, part of a compilation or an independent monograph, depending on the discipline. To meet the criterion of ‘scientific’, the publication must present the new research outcome in a form that is accessible, repeatable and usable by the scientific community. The main target group of a scientific publication consists of experts in the discipline. In the publication type classification used by the Ministry of Education and Culture, scientific publications correspond to types A and C.